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Los isoprostanos F2 (IsoPs)  son marcadores importantes de la peroxidación lipídica debido a su estabilidad in vivo e in vitro. Son detectables en una variedad de:

• Fluidos biológicos: plasma, orina y líquido cefalorraquídeo.

• Tejidos corporales: tejido gástrico, cerebral y vascular.
Ya se han definido los niveles de F2-IsoPs considerados normales en humanos sanos, lo que permite evaluar los efectos de las enfermedades sobre el tono oxidativo endógeno y determinar los efectos de las intervenciones terapéuticas sobre los niveles de estrés oxidativo.


Tabla. Niveles basales de isoprostanos F2 en diversos fluidos corporales y tejidos de humanos sanos.
La cuantificación de F2-IsoPs en orina y plasma se considera el método de medición más robusto y menos invasivo. Es representativo de la producción endógena de F2-IsoPs, proporcionando un índice altamente preciso de estrés oxidativo in vivo.

Se han encontrado altos niveles de F2-IsoP en los fluidos y tejidos del cuerpo humano en varias enfermedades (enfermedades cardiovasculares, pulmonares y neurodegenerativas, diabetes tipo 2 y otras). Ciertas actividades como practicar deportes o fumar también pueden aumentar los niveles de IsoP.

Los posibles tratamientos y acciones para prevenir algunas de estas afecciones, que incluyen suplementos de antioxidantes, tratamientos antidiabéticos, dejar de fumar y bajar de peso, disminuyen la producción de F2-IsoPs.

Los métodos analíticos más utilizados para la cuantificación de estos compuestos son:

Métodos inmunológicos: inmunoensayo ligado a enzimas (ELISA) y radioinmunoensayo (RIA).

Ensayos basados en espectrometría de masas: cromatografía líquida con espectrometría de masas en tándem (LC-MS-MS) y cromatografía de gases con espectrometría de masas en tándem (GC-MS-MS).


Referencias
Lima, Raquel. Laboratory Analysis of Isoprostanes. 1ºEdition, 2020.
Samuel S. Fam and Jason D. Morrow. The Isoprostanes: Unique Products of Arachidonic Acid Oxidation–A Review. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 2003, 10, 1723-1740.
Milne GL, Sanchez SC, Musiek ES, Morrow JD. Quantification of F2-isoprostanes as a biomarker of oxidative stress. Nat. Protocols. 2007;2:221–226
Milne GL, Yin H, Brooks JD, Sanchez S, L. Jackson Roberts I, Morrow JD. Quantification of F2-Isoprostanes in Biological Fluids and Tissues as a Measure of Oxidant Stress. Methods Enzymol. 2007;433:113–126.
Yin H, Musiek ES, Morrow JD. Quantification of Isoprostanes as an index of oxidative stress: A update. J. Biol. Sci. 2006;6:469–479.
Jeroen Frijhoff, Paul G. Winyard, Neven Zarkovic, Sean S. Davies, Roland Stocker, David Cheng, Annie R. Knight, Emma Louise Taylor, Jeannette Oettrich, Tatjana Ruskovska, Ana Cipak Gasparovic, Antonio Cuadrado, Daniela Weber, Henrik Enghusen Poulsen, Tilman Grune, Harald H.H.W. Schmidt and Pietro Ghezzi. Clinical Relevance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. Volume 23, Number 14, 2015.
Roberts LJ, Oates JA, Linton MF, Fazio S, Meador BP, Gross MD, et al. The relationship between dose of vitamin E and suppression of oxidative stress in humans. Free Radic Biol Med. 2007; 43(10): 1388-93.
Klawitter, J., Haschke, M., Shokati, T., Klawitter, J., & Christians, U. (2011). Quantification of 15-F2t-isoprostane in human plasma and urine: results from enzyme-linked immunoassay and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry cannot be compared. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 25(4), 463–468.
Wei Liu, Jason D. Morrow and Huiyong Yin. Quantification of F2-Isoprostanes as a Reliable Index of Oxidative Stress in vivo Using Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Method. Free Radic Biol Med. 2009 Oct 15; 47(8): 1101– 1107.




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