Blog-Layout
It is known that a clear relationship exists between the food we eat and our health. Thus, the functional components of food, besides being fundamental to the good and normal functioning of the human body, can also be applied effectively in the treatment and prevention of some diseases.
More than 5,000 bioactive components have been identified in plant foods, but there are believed to be more than 25,000, and most are metabolized to different compounds during and after digestion. Considering this huge variety of compounds, it can be assumed that it is the combination of many food compounds consumed from a variety of whole foods that probably brings the greatest health benefits and not just a specific one.
Thus, there is still much research required to better understand the role of bioactive dietary compounds and their metabolites in human health. In this sense, in vitro methods can be used to understand and study:
- the identity and quantity of bioactive components in food and its metabolites.
- mechanisms of action, absorption, bioavailability, metabolism and biological activity.
This allows an assessment of the performance, toxicity, efficacy and side effects of bioactive compounds.
In vitro is an expression of Latin which means "in the glass" and refers to the technique of performing a certain procedure in a controlled environment outside a living organism. It can be performed on a wide range of cells, and the biological material that best suits the purpose of the test must be selected.
Laboratories preferentially use in vitro tests due to the following advantages:
- Does not require animals or humans
- Absence of ethical restrictions
- Avoid the need to submit animal protocols
- Avoid/reduce the need for laboratory personnel with experience in handling animals
- Less security concerns
- Lower cost
- Faster
The problem with the in vitro study is that it is not a complete representation of the response of a human being to a compound.
The human body is much more complex than a simple cell culture, so there is a big difference between an active compound are administrated to the cells and the same compound administered to a human being.
It is important to consider the relationship between the compound applied directly to the in vitro system and the identity and concentration of the compound that reaches the target (e.g., tissue, receptor, subcellular component) following human ingestion of the specific ingredient. After a substance is ingested, the metabolic fate of the compound and the amount of the biologically active compound that actually reaches the target site is dependent on a multitude of processes, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in what are often complex pathways.
In addition, in vitro studies cannot fully predict the influence that the active ingredient will have on organs and systems, or the interaction with others.
Knowledge of a dietary ingredient's pathway and in vivo metabolism will allow the most appropriate interpretation of the relevance of compound concentrations used in in vitro experiments to amounts ingested by humans.
To clarify all the missing information that cannot be obtained through in vitro assays, in vivo studies still are necessary.
For more information contact us:
References
Institute of Medicine (US) and National Research Council (US) Committee on the Framework for Evaluating the Safety of Dietary Supplements. Dietary Supplements: A Framework for Evaluating Safety. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2005.
Katherine Brake, Ashwini Gumireddy, Amit Tiwari, Harsh Chauhan and Dunesh Kumari. In vivo Studies for Drug Development via Oral Delivery: Challenges, Animal Models and Techniques. Pharm Anal Acta 2017, 8:9.
Abuajah, C. I., Ogbonna, A. C., & Osuji, C. M. (2015). Functional components and medicinal properties of food: a review. Journal of food science and technology, 52(5), 2522–2529.
Robin A. Ralston, Amy D. Mackey, Christopher T. Simons and Steven J. Schwartz. Functional Foods and Beverages: In vitro Assessment of Nutritional, Sensory, and Safety Properties, First Edition. John Wiley & Sons. 2018.
Liu, R. H. (2004) Potential synergy of phytochemicals in cancer prevention: Mechanism of action. Journal of Nutrition, 134(12 Suppl), 3479S–85S.
Liu, R. H. (2013) Dietary bioactive compounds and their health implications. Journal of Food Science, 78 Suppl 1, A18–25.
Ferruzzi, M. G., Peterson, D. G., Singh, R. P., Schwartz, S. J., and Freedman, M. R. (2012) Nutritional translation blended with food science: 21st century applications. Advances in Nutrition, 3, 813–19.
Aurea Silveira CRUZ, Maria Luisa BARBOSA, Terezinha de Jesus Andreoli PINTO. Testes in vitro como alternativa aos testes in vivo de Draize. Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz, 63(1):1-9, 2004
National Academies Press (US); 1999. 4, Summary of Advantages and Disadvantages of In Vitro and In Vivo Methods.
Ein Labor, das Polyphenolanalysen durchführt, ist ein Analyselabor, das auf die Messung von Polyphenolen in verschiedenen Proben spezialisiert ist. Was ist Polyphenol? Polyphenole sind eine Gruppe von sekundären Pflanzenstoffen, die in pflanzlichen Lebensmitteln, Getränken und Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln vorkommen. Sie gelten als wichtiger Bestandteil einer gesunden Ernährung und werden oft für ihre potentiellen gesundheitlichen Vorteile untersucht, wie beispielsweise ihre antioxidativen Eigenschaften und ihre Fähigkeit, das Risiko für bestimmte chronische Krankheiten zu reduzieren. Polyphenol-Analyselabor Ein Polyphenol-Analyselabor kann ausgestattet sein mit modernen Analysemethoden wie HPLC (hochdurchsatzflüssigkeitschromatographie), LC-MS (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry), GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) oder ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry), um die Polyphenolgehalte in verschiedenen Proben zu quantifizieren. Die Analysemethoden können je nach Bedarf angepasst werden, um spezifische Polyphenoltypen oder -klasse zu quantifizieren. Es ist wichtig zu beachten, dass die Genauigkeit und Zuverlässigkeit der Polyphenolanalyse von mehreren Faktoren abhängt, einschließlich der Qualität der Analysemethoden und -geräte, der Erfahrung des Analytikers und der Qualität der Proben. Es ist daher wichtig, dass das Labor regelmäßig Überwachung und Kalibrierung durchführt, um sicherzustellen, dass die Ergebnisse konsistent und zuverlässig sind. Kontaktieren Sie uns: info@institut-kurz.com
CAA- (Cell Antioxidant Activity) laboratory test.
You swallow a nutraceutical and the concentrations of active molecules in your blood go like this:
Is it possible today to design a highly performing car/air plane/speed boat without computer-simulating its function on the Race track?
Many cosmetics claim “precious antioxidant effects” to the consumer. Institut Kurz is the only lab capable to quantitatively measure those antioxidant effects to the consumer without costly clinical trials. Contact us: www.institut-kurz.com info@institut-kurz.com
The gold standard for function testing of nutraceuticals is in-vivo intervention study on a large number of probands. However, that is costly and needs a lot of time. Before you spend this money and time, try to understand the mode of action of your nutraceutical on a cell level. The better you understand the function on cell level, the less money and time you need to spend on in-vivo testing. Institut Kurz carries out for you all the function testing of your nutraceutical on cell level.
Transcription inverse - La réaction en chaîne par polymérase quantitative (RT-qPCR) est la technique de référence pour la quantification de l'ARNm. Il permet la détection de transcriptions rares et l'observation de petites variations dans l'expression génique. Dans cette méthode, l'ARN est d'abord transcrit en ADNc (ADN complémentaire) par transcriptase inverse à partir d'ARN total ou d'ARNm (ARN messager). L'ADNc est ensuite utilisé comme matrice pour la réaction qPCR. RT-qPCR peut être effectué dans un: Test en une étape - Combine la transcription inverse et la PCR dans un seul tube et tampon, en utilisant une transcriptase inverse avec une ADN polymérase.
Reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa (RT-qPCR) es la técnica estándar de oro para la cuantificación de ARNm. Permite la detección de transcripciones raras y la observación de pequeñas variaciones en la expresión génica. En este método, el ARN se transcribe primero en ADNc (ADN complementario) mediante transcriptasa inversa del ARN total o ARNm (ARN mensajero). El ADNc se usa luego como plantilla para la reacción qPCR. RT-qPCR se puede realizar en: - Ensayo en un solo paso : combina la transcripción inversa y la PCR en un solo tubo y tampón, utilizando una transcriptasa inversa junto con una ADN polimerasa.
Reverse transcription - quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is the gold standard technique for mRNA quantification. It allows the detection of rare transcripts and the observation of small variations in gene expression. In this method, RNA is first transcribed into cDNA (complementary DNA) by reverse transcriptase from total RNA or mRNA (messenger RNA). The cDNA is then used as the template for the qPCR reaction. RT-qPCR can be performed in a: - One-step assay - Combines reverse transcription and PCR in a single tube and buffer, using a reverse transcriptase along with a DNA polymerase.
Los isoprostanos F2 (IsoPs) son marcadores importantes de la peroxidación lipídica debido a su estabilidad in vivo e in vitro. Son detectables en una variedad de: • Fluidos biológicos: plasma, orina y líquido cefalorraquídeo. • Tejidos corporales: tejido gástrico, cerebral y vascular. Ya se han definido los niveles de F2-IsoPs considerados normales en humanos sanos, lo que permite evaluar los efectos de las enfermedades sobre el tono oxidativo endógeno y determinar los efectos de las intervenciones terapéuticas sobre los niveles de estrés oxidativo. Tabla. Niveles basales de isoprostanos F2 en diversos fluidos corporales y tejidos de humanos sanos.